About this page.

This page was created to compile all historical and current rates for Series I savings bonds. You can view a live tracker showing the current I bond fixed rate, semiannual inflation rate, and composite rate. The first chart displays historical fixed rates dating back to 1998, allowing you to compare current rates with those of the past. The second chart shows the composite rates for specific I bonds—simply select the bond's purchase range to see its composite rates over time. You can also explore theoretical returns by looking at performance data before the red line, offering insights into how the bond might perform in the future.

How do I use the historical I bond rates chart?

To use the I bonds historical chart, start by selecting the date range in which your bond was issued. For example, if your bond was purchased in April 2002, you would choose the May 2002 to October 2002 range. The red line on the chart indicates when your bond starts earning returns. The yellow line represents the composite rate, or the interest rate applied to your bond during each six-month period. You can also view the semiannual inflation rates for those same periods. The data before the red line shows theoretical returns, allowing you to see how the bond might have performed during earlier periods.

What is the red line on the historical rates chart?

The red line on the historical rates chart marks the issue date of the Series I bond you've selected. For instance, if you chose I bonds issued between May 2002 and October 2002, the red line will highlight that specific date. Any composite, interest, or fixed rates following the red line apply directly to that bond. Data before the line is used to show how the bond might have performed in earlier periods, even before its issuance. For example, although the bond wasn’t available in 1998, you can still review how it would have performed during that time, helping you understand how the bond might react in different economic environments.

What is fixed rate, inflation rate and composite rate for a series I savings bond?

A Series I Savings Bond (I bond) earns interest from two components: a fixed rate and an inflation rate, which together form the composite rate. The fixed rate is set by the U.S. Treasury and remains the same for the life of the bond, determined every six months in May and November. This rate reflects market conditions and can be as low as 0%.

The inflation rate adjusts twice a year, based on changes in the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U). It ensures the bond’s value keeps up with inflation by reflecting price increases over the prior six months. While the inflation rate can be negative during deflation, it cannot reduce the fixed rate below 0%.

The composite rate is the total interest rate, combining both the fixed and inflation rates. The formula for the composite rate slightly compounds the two, making the final rate a bit higher than their sum. The composite rate adjusts semiannually as the inflation rate changes, while the fixed rate stays constant.

I bonds provide inflation protection while guaranteeing a fixed return component, making them a low-risk investment. They are attractive to those looking for savings that keep pace with rising prices, especially during periods of high inflation.